Its name originates from the fact that one of its walls bordered directly with the Old Town fortification wall. The Romanesque base from the 12th century was later modified in Gothic style and with some Baroque modifications the church was preserved in its original form. St. Martin used to be a lively center of Utraquist Church, supported by wealthy burghers.
The famous Baroque sculptor Ferdinand M. Brokoff is buried in the Church. Nowadays St. Martin in the Wall belongs to the Evangelical Church and concerts of classical music are held here.